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Year 1684 (MDCLXXXIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Tuesday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar).

July 24 - René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle sails from France, again, with a large expedition designed to establish a French colony on the Gulf of Mexico, at the mouth of the Mississippi River.
October 7 - Japanese Chief Minister Hotta Masatoshi is assassinated, leaving Shogun Tsunayoshi without any adequate advisors, leading him to issue impractical edicts and create hardships for the Japanese people.
December 10 - Isaac Newton's derivation of Kepler's laws from his theory of gravity, contained in the paper De motu corporum in gyrum, is read to the Royal Society by Edmund Halley.

France under Louis XIV makes the Truce of Ratisbon separately with the Holy Roman Empire (Habsburg) and Spain.
Pope Innocent XI forms a Holy League with the Habsburg Empire, Venice and Poland to liberate Europe from the Ottoman Turkish rule.
Japanese poet Saikaku composes 23,500 verses in 24 hours at the Sumiyoshi Shrine at Osaka; the scribes cannot keep pace with his dictation and just count the verses.
The British East India Company receives Chinese permission to build a trading station at Canton. Tea sells in Europe for less than a shilling a pound, but the import duty of 5 shillings makes it too expensive for most English people to afford.
Smuggled tea is drunk much more than legally imported tea.
England has its coldest winter in living memory; the River Thames and the sea as far as 2 miles out from land freezes over.
John Bunyan writes The Pilgrim's Progress, Part 2.
The Chipperfield's Circus dynasty begins when James Chipperfield introduces performing animals to England at the River Thames frost fairs on the Thames in London.

January 1 - Arnold Drakenborch, Dutch classical scholar (d. 1748)
January 14 - Jean-Baptiste van Loo, French painter (d. 1745)
February 24 - Matthias Braun, Czech sculptor (d. 1738)
March 15 - Francesco Durante, Italian composer (d. 1755)
March 19 - Jean Astruc, French physician and scholar (d. 1766)
April 15 - Catherine I of Russia (d. 1727)
June 22 - Francesco Manfredini, Italian composer (d. 1762)
September 18 - Johann Gottfried Walther, German music theorist, organist, and composer (d. 1748)
October 10 - Antoine Watteau, French painter (d. 1721)
October 26 - Kurt Christoph Graf von Schwerin, Prussian field marshal (d. 1757)
December 3 - Ludvig Holberg, Norwegian historian and writer (d. 1754)

See also Category: 1684 births.

See also Category: 1684 deaths.

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