Diemazz

Zvornik Зворник
Location of Zvornik within Bosnia and Herzegovina
Coordinates: 44°39′N 19°10′E / 44.65, 19.167
Country	Bosnia and Herzegovina
Government
- Mayor	Zoran (SPRS)
Area
- Total	387 km2 (149.4 sq mi)
Population (1991)
- Total	81,295
- Municipality	79,000
Time zone	CET (UTC+1)
- Summer (DST)	CEST (UTC+2)
Area code(s)	56
Website: www.opstina-zvornik.org

Zvornik

Zvornik (Cyrillic: Зворник) is a city on the Drina river in northeastern Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina, located south of Bijeljina. The town Mali Zvornik ("little Zvornik") lies directly across the river in Serbia, and not far north is Loznica.

Population

According to the 1910 census the city of Zvornik had 732 houses and 3688 inhabitans: 2098 muslims, 754 serbs, 185 chatolics, 9 lutherans, 148 jews and 498 military persons.

1991

Municipality of Zvornik - total: 81,295

• Muslims by nationality - 48,102 (59.16%)
• Serbs - 30,863 (37.96%) (See: Serbs of Bosnia and Herzegovina)
• "Yugoslavs" - 1,248 (1.53%)
• Croats - 122 (0.15%) (See: Croats of Bosnia and Herzegovina)
• others and unknown - 960 (1.18%)

Town of Zvornik - total: 14,584

• Muslims by nationality - 8,854 (60.71%)
• Serbs - 4,235 (29.03%)
• "Yugoslavs" - 944 (6.47%)
• Croats - 76 (0.52%)
• others and unknown - 475 (3.25%)

The city's demographic situation has changed drastically in the last 15 years. Serbs are great majority today.^{[citation needed]}

History

Early history

Zvornik is first mentioned in the year 1410, although it was known as Zvonik ("bell tower") at that time. The town's geographic location has made it an important trade link between Bosnia and the east. For instance, the main road connecting Sarajevo and Belgrade runs through the city. Zvornik has also the distinction of being the only city in Bosnia that directly lies on the border to Serbia.

During the Ottoman occupation, Zvornik was the capital of the Zvornik sanjak (an administrative region). This was primarily the case because of the city's crucial role in the economy and the strategic importance of the city's location.

Bosnian War

During the Bosnian War (1992-1995) Zvornik's Muslim population was totaly expelled. Since there has been a massive intake of not only Serb refugees from Muslim and Croat controlled areas from Bosnia and Herzegovina, but also Serbs from Serbia. In april 1992 could many european newsstations daily rapport about Serbian Armys attacs and mass killings of the Muslim populaton of Zvornik and the surrounding villages.^[1] It is known that the suburbs of Karakaj and Čelopek were places of prisons where hundreds of Zvornik's Muslims were killed.^[2] Recently, mass graves of victims killed in the massacre of Srebrenica were found in the village of Liplje, south of Zvornik.^{[citation needed]}

With the help of the international community, since the end of the Bosnian War (1995) there has been an effort to return refugees back to the municipality, but the process has been slow and will take many years to complete.

Climate

Just like most of Bosnia, Zvornik has very hot summers and cold winters. Except for the area near the river Drina, the city is surrounded by mountains with preserved forests, which creates a beautiful scenery with the town's location at the bottom of a valley.

Tourism

Welcome to Zvornik, an industrial, business, commercial and tourist town.

Cultural Summer of Zvornik 2007

Great manifestation called the Cultural Summer of Zvornik usually takes part between August 2 and 8, and its main objective is to become a traditional cultural event which will open the doors of Zvornik for the recognized cultural values.

The tourist offer of the town is specific, because of its great natural potential, which has not yet been used for development of mass tourism. To all guests who crave for true rest, the town can offer peace and numerous other attractions during both, summer and winter.

River Drina

Although Zvornik has been marginalized, far from the public eye in BIH, we usually say that Zvornik has been given so much beauty, monuments and history that the town is impossible to get around. The people of Zvornik like to emphasize one more thing: we do not need to be given anything; we just need what is ours - not to be taken away from us. We have everything: industry, waters, forests, stone, people who are in love with their town. Tourists indeed have something to see in Zvornik and its neighborhood: the river Drina, Zvornik Lake, which is rich in trout and suitable for water sports. They can go fishing and hunting, have a rest by the river and lake in summer, and ski in near-by Igrište in winter. The guest will have a chance to see, a part from natural beauties, monuments of the town: Zvornik fortress, Museum collection, Villa Andr Zvornik has two hotels: Hotel Vidikovac, outside the town (direction Sarajevo) and splendid located at the Zvornik lake with a beautiful terrace view over the lake and the Serbian side of the river. It used to be a modern hotel, but now (2007) it is dilapidated. Drina hotel in the centre of Zvornik is closed. Outside the centre (direction Tuzla) a new motel Laguna is opened en it seems to be a modern (five stars?) hotel.

Sport

The local football club, FK Drina Zvornik, plays in the First League of the Republika Srpska. Basketball club KK Drina Zvornik.

See also

• Podrinje

References

• Official results from the book: Ethnic composition of Bosnia-Herzegovina population, by municipalities and settlements, 1991. census, Zavod za statistiku Bosne i Hercegovine - Bilten no.234, Sarajevo 1991.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Zvornik

• www.opstina-zvornik.org
• www.zvornik.net
• www.zvornik.blog.ba

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Coordinates: 44°23′N 19°06′E / 44.383, 19.1

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